A new study shows that looking at this picture may prompt itchiness--especially if you're prone to negative feelings--a trait known as neuroticism. (Carlos Chavez)
No sensation better captures the powerful interplay between mind and
body like the humble itch. A new study turns up copious evidence to suggest that merely seeing someone
else scratching can induce itchiness. And it demonstrates that a person's
propensity to "catch" someone else's itch reveals a lot about his or
her personality.
Even more than yawning and laughter, the urge to scratch can be socially
contagious, the new research reveals: Among subjects who saw videos of other
people scratching themselves, 64% did the same (seeing another yawn reportedly
induces contagious yawning in 40% to 60% of cases, and studies have found
laughing induces a contagious reaction 47% of the time).
But while many behaviors we
mimic--smiling and head-nodding for instance--appear to spring from an impulse
toward empathy, a person's propensity to "catch" another's itch seems
to signal an inclination toward negative feelings, the new study finds. The
study was published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academies of
Science (PNAS).
Itchiness may seem like a
frivolous thing to study. But understanding that vaguely unpleasant sensation
that propels us to action may shed light on more serious conditions, such as
physical pain, major depression and even instances of "delusional
parasitosis," an unfounded belief that one's skin has been infested
(widely called in recent years "Morgellons disease"). Chronic itch
has been likened, in its ability to sap a person's pleasure and energy, to chronic
pain. And chronic itch and chronic pain
have been linked to depression--a disorder to which those who measure high in
neuroticism tend to be highly vulnerable.
The current study put 18 of the
study's 51 participants into a brain scanner to see how their brains responded
to viewing others' itchiness--and to test whether their response was any
different when they saw videos of people merely tapping themselves.
Neuroscientists have actually identified something called the "itch
matrix"--a cluster of regions scattered throughout the brain that
collectively become active when itchiness is induced by the administration of
histamines. When subjects in this study watched videos of others scratching
themselves, not only did subjects routinely report they felt itchy (as they
were in a brain scanner, however, they were urged not to scratch); their
brains' "itch matrix" showed activity in proportion to the intensity
of itchiness the subject reported.
The tapping videos evoked no
reported itching sensations among participants, the study found (nor,
apparently, did it evoke the impulse to tap oneself). Neither did their brains'
"itch matrix" light up in response to videos of people tapping
themselves. Finally, the researchers had all 51 participants fill out several personality
inventories that measured such traits as empathy as well as extroversion,
agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness and neuroticism. For most
"socially contagious" behavior, psychologists have found that a
person's degree of empathy is a good predictor of an individual's propensity to
mimic.
But the authors of the current
study found that only a high level of neuroticism--the tendency to feel
negative emotions--predicted a person's likelihood of "catching" an
itch after seeing someone else scratch. More empathic people were not more
likely to "catch" an itch. In fact, the opposite appeared to be the
case: Participants who were less likely to take another's viewpoint, or to
respond compassionately to someone else's troubles showed a greater propensity
to itchiness when they saw someone else scratching.
Yes, the unpleasant feeling that
engenders the need to scratch can also be a warning sign that the body's immune
system is fighting a foreign invader (think the hives), or a sign of liver
disease, lymphoma or thyroid disease. But far more often, it seems to arise out
of nowhere. Reading this, you may find yourself with a sudden, inexplicable
urge to scratch. And the more you think about an itch, the more it seems to
intensify.
Source: LA Times
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