Zackery Lystedt, with his mother, Mercedes, was left brain damaged in 2006 at age 13. (Elaine Thompson / AP Photo)
Head injuries are a
problem in youth sports. The state of Washington's Lystedt Law provides
guidelines for injured players. Pop Warner youth football limits contact in
practice.
For decades, hits to the head have been as much a part of football as
touchdowns and chilled beers. But recently, more and more athletes have spoken
out about the long-term damage they've sustained from repeated concussions incurred
during games and practice. These types of head injuries are dangerous to
adults, but they're even more concerning when they happen over and over again
to children. Because of that, parents, teachers and coaches are looking for
ways to make the game safer. And football is not the only game in which kids
can bang heads; soccer and hockey are among the others.
Concussions happen when the head is hit so hard that the brain is
jolted, banging against the skull. In football, it often happens when players
collide helmet-first, hit the ground hard or get tackled. Symptoms range from
feeling dizzy and seeing stars to being knocked unconscious.
In youth sports, concussions are not uncommon — according to the Centres
for Disease Control and Prevention, about 7.2% of football-related visits to
the emergency room for kids under the age of 19 were for concussions. Until
recently, football culture dictated that players shake off injuries and get
back on the field. Several former National Football League players have said
blows to the head have contributed to depression and other disorders, and
legends such as Terry Bradshaw have said they would advise others not to play.
NFL players who suffer concussion-like symptoms must now be cleared by
an independent neurologist before returning to practice or a game, and other
steps have been taken to prevent head injuries. "There has been kind of a
stubborn mentality," said John Butler, the executive director of Pop
Warner youth football. "NFL players would say, 'If I get dinged in a game,
I'm not going to tell them 'cause they'll make me take a rest.' There is a
certain degree of that mentality even at younger kids' levels."
But recovery from concussions can take weeks. To that end, changes are
being made. In Washington state, legislators in 2009 passed the Lystedt Law,
named for Zackery Lystedt, who, in 2006 and at the age of 13, sustained two
concussions during a middle school football game and was permanently brain
damaged. The legislation ensures that parents, teachers, coaches and athletes
are educated about the signs of concussion and that a player who sustains one
must be kept out of play until he's fully recovered. The Lystedt Law also
requires that a child get a doctor's note before returning to play. "Playing
through a concussion doesn't make sense. It's dangerous, it could be fatal, it
doesn't help you and it doesn't help your team," said Stanley Herring, the
team physician for the Seattle Seahawks and the director of Sports, Spine and
Orthopaedic Health at the University of Washington, who helped write the
Lystedt Law.
In 2010, Pop Warner also altered practice, ruling that players can
practice full-contact hitting for just one-third of each practice and not practice
hitting drills beginning from more than 3 feet apart. And kids diagnosed with
concussions must have a doctor's note to return to play. Chris Nowinski,
co-founder of the Sports Legacy Institute and the co-director of the Center for
the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy at Boston University, recently talked to
an auditorium full of coaches from the Los Angeles Unified School Dristrict, in
accordance with a recent state law that requires that coaches receive
concussion training.
LAUSD also complies with a state law passed in 2011 that dictates — like
the Lystedt Law — that kids be taken out of play if they sustain a head injury
and not be allowed to return without a doctor's note. Nowinski said the time
was long overdue for hits to the head to be taken as seriously as injuries to
other parts of the body. "You have a pitch count in baseball because you
know throwing too much will wear out an elbow," he said. "We ban them
from throwing curveballs, but it's open season on hitting them in the head as
soon as they can run."
LA Times
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