Many people do not realise how potent energy drinks can be. Three energy drinks is the equivalent of 15 cups of coffee, a doctor says.
A NEW government survey suggests the number of people seeking emergency
treatment after consuming energy drinks has doubled in the US during the past
four years, the same period in which the supercharged drink industry has surged
in popularity in convenience stores, bars and on college campuses.
From 2007 to 2011, the government estimates the number of emergency room
visits involving the neon-labelled beverages shot up from about 10,000 to more
than 20,000. Most of those cases involved teens or young adults, according to a
survey of the nation's hospitals released late last week by the Substance Abuse
and Mental Health Services Administration.
The report doesn't specify which
symptoms brought people to the emergency room but calls energy drink
consumption a "rising public health problem" that can cause insomnia,
nervousness, headache, fast heartbeat and seizures that are severe enough to
require emergency care.
Several emergency physicians said they had seen a
clear uptick in the number of patients suffering from irregular heartbeats,
anxiety and heart attacks who said they had recently downed an energy drink.
More than half of the patients considered in the survey who wound up in
the emergency room told doctors they had downed only energy drinks. In 2011,
about 42 per cent of the cases involved energy drinks in combination with
alcohol or drugs, such as the stimulants Adderall or Ritalin. "A lot of
people don't realise the strength of these things. I had someone come in
recently who had drunk three energy drinks in an hour, which is the equivalent
of 15 cups of coffee," said Howard Mell, an emergency physician in the
suburbs of Cleveland, who serves as a spokesman for the American College of
Emergency Physicians.
"Essentially he gave himself a stress test and thankfully he
passed. But if he had a weak heart or suffered from coronary disease and didn't
know it, this could have precipitated very bad things."
The findings came
as concerns over energy drinks have intensified following reports last fall of
18 deaths possibly tied to the drinks - including a 14-year-old Maryland girl
who died after drinking two large cans of Monster Energy drinks. Monster does
not believe its products were responsible for the death.
Two senators are calling
for the Food and Drug Administration to investigate safety concerns about
energy drinks and their ingredients.
The energy drink industry says its drinks
are safe and there is no proof linking its products to the adverse
reactions.
Late last year, the FDA asked the U.S. Health and Human Services to
update the figures its substance abuse research arm compiles about emergency
room visits tied to energy drinks.
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's survey
was based on responses it receives from about 230 hospitals each year, a
representative sample of about 5 percent of emergency departments nationwide.
The agency then uses those responses to estimate the number of energy
drink-related emergency department visits nationwide.
The more than 20,000
cases estimated for 2011 represent a small portion of the annual 136 million
emergency room visits tracked by Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.
The FDA said it was considering the findings and pressing for more
details as it undertakes a broad review of the safety of energy drinks and
related ingredients this spring.
"We will examine this additional
information ... as a part of our ongoing investigation into potential safety
issues surrounding the use of energy-drink products," FDA spokeswoman
Shelly Burgess said in a statement.
Beverage manufacturers fired back at the
survey, saying the statistics were misleading and taken out of
context.
"This report does not share information about the overall health
of those who may have consumed energy drinks, or what symptoms brought them to
the ER in the first place," the American Beverage Association said in a
statement. "There is no basis by which to understand the overall caffeine
intake of any of these individuals - from all sources."
Energy drinks remain a small part of the carbonated soft drinks market,
representing only 3.3 per cent of sales volume, according to the industry
tracker Beverage Digest. Even as soda consumption has flagged in recent years,
energy drinks sales are growing rapidly.
In 2011, sales volume for energy
drinks rose by almost 17 per cent, with the top three companies - Monster, Red
Bull and Rockstar - each logging double-digit gains, Beverage Digest found. The
drinks are often marketed at sporting events that are popular among younger
people such as surfing and skateboarding.
From 2007 to 2011, the most recent
year for which data was available, people from 18 to 25 were the most common
age group seeking emergency treatment for energy drink-related reactions, the
report found.
"We were really concerned to find that in four years the
number of emergency department visits almost doubled, and these drinks are
largely marketed to younger people," said Al Woodward, a senior
statistical analyst with the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration who worked on the report.
Emergency physician Steve Sun said he
had seen an increase in such cases at the Catholic hospital where he works on
the edge of San Francisco's Golden Gate Park.
"I saw one young man who
had mixed energy drinks with alcohol and we had to admit him to the hospital
because he was so dehydrated he had renal failure," Sun said.
"Because he was young he did well in the hospital, but if another patient
had had underlying coronary artery disease, it could have led to a heart
attack."
Source: news.com.au
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